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Photoelectron holography in strong optical and dc electric fields
Aneta Stodolna1, Ymkje Huismans1, Arnaud RouzÈe2, Franck
Lepine3 and Marc JJ Vrakking2
1 FOM Insititute AMOLF, Science Park 102, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands
2 Max Born Institute (MBI), Max-Born Strasse 2A, 12489 Berlin, Germany
3 Institut Lumiere Matiere, Universite Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR 5306, 10 Rue Ada Byron, 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
The application of velocity map imaging for the detection of photoelectrons resulting from atomic ionization allows the observation of interferometric, and in some cases holographic structures that contain detailed information on the atomic target from which the photoelecrons are extracted. In this contribution we present three recent examples of the use of photoelectron velocity map imaging in experiments where atoms are exposed to strong optical and dc electric elds. We discuss (i) observations of the nodal structure of Stark states of hydrogen measured in a dc electric field, (ii) mid-infrared strong-field ionization of metastable Xe atoms and (iii) the reconstruction of helium electronic wavepackets in an attosecond pump-probe experiment. In each case, the interference between direct and indirect electron trajectories reminiscent of the reference and signal waves in holography is seen to play an important role
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