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In a correlated N-body system removing or adding a single particle, e.g. via photoemission or inverse photoemission, results in general in a transient excited state that dephases and relaxes to an eigenstate of the (N-1) body system on a system-specific time scale.
Details of the time asymptotic of the decay are well-documented and are usually related to the system's self-energy.
The transient dynamics of the excited states buildup and decay is yet to be established. Only for times right after the excitations we were able to derive expressions for the quantities that govern the short-time dynamics. These turned out to be given in terms of cumulants of the self-energy and as such can be computed [1,2]. Examples for molecular systems and fullerenes will be presented
evidencing the markedly different dynamics at short and asymptotic times after the excitations [3].
Concerning elementary excitations, some remarks and illustration will be discussed [4] with a focus on transient aspects.
[1]Time evolution of excitations in normal Fermi liquids
Pavlyukh Y., Rubio A., Berakdar J. Phys. Rev. B 87, 205124 (2013)
[2] Initial stage of quasiparticle decay in fermionic systems
Pavlyukh Y., Berakdar J., Rubio A. Phys. Rev. B 87, pp 125101 (2013)
[3] Superatom molecular orbitals: New types of long-lived electronic states
Pavlyukh Y., and Berakdar J. Journal of Chemical Physics 135, 201103 (2011)
[4] Attosecond tracking of light absorption and refraction in fullerenes
Moskalenko A.S., Pavlyukh Y., and Berakdar J. Phys. Rev. A 86, 013202 (2012)
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